Towards Quantum Information with Semiconductor Nanodevices

In this course the physics of “artificial atoms” will be presented. Starting from a classical transistor it will be shown how nanoscale transistors exhibit quantum behavior at low temperatures. The physics of spin qubits in single and double quantum dots will be discussed. Rabi and Ramsey measurements are going to be explained and the realization of two qubit gates is going to be discussed. We will further discuss how simple quantum algorithms can be already implemented with the use of three spin qubits. The second part of the class will focus on some aspects of mesoscopic superconductivity. Starting from the Josephson effect we will discuss how also hybrid superconductor-semiconductor devices can be used for the realization of qubits.